Question 1

What defines sexual assault?

Accepted Answer

Sexual assault is defined as a person intentionally touching another person in a sexual manner whilst -

the other person is not consenting, and
the other offender does not reasonably believe that the other person is consenting to touching.

There are several variations on this offence, such as sexual assault by compelling sexual touching, where the victim has been compelled to touch the offender. Other variations of sexual assault include offences where the victim is a child. In these cases, the prosecution does not need to prove that the child was not consenting. Rather, the touching must be contrary to community standards of acceptable conduct. Sexual assaults can range from very serious examples of forceful, even violent non-consensual activity against the victim’s will, to much less serious conduct. An example of 'less serious' could include slapping someone on the buttocks over their clothing without their consent.

Question 2

What are considered sexual offences?

Accepted Answer

Sexual offences law encompass a broad range of sexual acts including:

rape (sexual penetration without consent),
sexual assault,
incest (sexual acts with a family member),
sex slavery,
possessing or producing child sexual abuse material,
grooming children for sexual activity (child under the age of 16),
sexual harassment, and
sexual exposure

Question 3

How do the Courts respond to sexual offences?

Accepted Answer

Sexual offences demand considered and careful inquiry by our Courts. Sexual offending is generally regarded as a particularly grave and concerning type of behaviour, calling for strict punishment and close monitoring.

Increasingly, the justice system is becoming alert to the need to efficiently and smoothly deal with sexual offences. Many provisions are now in place to protect complainants in sexual matters as much as possible. Provisions include special hearings, where child complainants give pre-recorded evidence outside the courtroom without the jury. In these hearings, children will have a support worker present in the room with them.

Similarly, when cross-examined, children and other vulnerable witnesses can ask to use intermediaries. They help to interpret for the Court what the witness is trying to convey.

It is equally important that those accused with offences of a sexual nature are competently and rigorously defended. They need to understand the charges they are facing and the complicated process of facing such charges.